Defence & security, explained.
HMAS Farncomb, one of Australia's Collins class submarines, set to be replaced under the AUKUS arrangement (Aaron Robinson/Defence Department)
A Labor backbencher sets out the challenges Australia faces from China and a rationale for nuclear-powered submarines.
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The case for AUKUS you should read – even if not yet the explanation we needThe case for AUKUS you should read – even if not yet the explanation we need
Since the AUKUS initiative was launched in September 2021, its Australian supporters and critics have been united on one point: that successive governments have failed to make a detailed strategic case for why Australia needs to acquire eight nuclear-powered submarines for its navy. No prime minister or senior minister has spoken on this subject beyond the broad rationale that Australia needs “deterrence”. What the government needs to explain is why it is choosing this particular form of deterrence.
That is the task Labor MP and former army officer Luke Gosling undertook when he agreed to write, for the Lowy Institute, “Deterring at a Distance: The Strategic Logic of AUKUS”. Last night, the paper was launched to a packed audience at the National Press Club in Canberra.
As you will see, Gosling was introduced by Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister Richard Marles. It was a generous gesture towards a colleague, but judging by comments heard after the event, a number of people in the audience wondered why Marles himself wasn’t making Gosling’s argument.
There is a compelling, high-minded and maybe old-fashioned point to make here about the responsibility of governments to inform the public about big decisions. The traditional forum for such pronouncements is the national parliament, and Marles did make a detailed statement about AUKUS and sovereignty to the House of Representatives in February 2023.
There is no urgent need to quiet internal Labor Party critics.
But that wasn’t a speech about why Australia needs nuclear-powered submarines, and despite the public-interest argument, we may not get such a speech from Marles or his boss, Anthony Albanese, at least not soon. Although journalists and defence commentators want to hear such a speech, that’s a tiny audience. Public interest in defence matters, even high-profile cases such as AUKUS, is limited. Besides, Lowy Institute polling suggests the project is popular.
Also, there is no urgent need to quiet internal Labor Party critics. Those critics may exist, but they have no strong reason to openly dissent. AUKUS is still in its infancy, in budget terms. Australia won’t be spending big money for another five years, which means other ministers competing for the same slice of the budget have nothing to complain about yet.
In the meantime, observers of Australian defence policy have the chance to assess Luke Gosling’s paper. Indeed, he has the advantage of not being a minister: Gosling speaks more openly about the strategic challenges Australia faces from China than any minister could. AUKUS supporters and critics alike should read it.
About the author
Sam Roggeveen
Sam Roggeveen is Program Director of the Lowy Institute’s International Security Program. He is the author of The Echidna Strategy: Australia's Search for Power and Peace (Opens in new window), published by La Trobe University Press in 2023.
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